memcg: synchronized LRU

A big patch for changing memcg's LRU semantics.

Now,
  - page_cgroup is linked to mem_cgroup's its own LRU (per zone).

  - LRU of page_cgroup is not synchronous with global LRU.

  - page and page_cgroup is one-to-one and statically allocated.

  - To find page_cgroup is on what LRU, you have to check pc->mem_cgroup as
    - lru = page_cgroup_zoneinfo(pc, nid_of_pc, zid_of_pc);

  - SwapCache is handled.

And, when we handle LRU list of page_cgroup, we do following.

	pc = lookup_page_cgroup(page);
	lock_page_cgroup(pc); .....................(1)
	mz = page_cgroup_zoneinfo(pc);
	spin_lock(&mz->lru_lock);
	.....add to LRU
	spin_unlock(&mz->lru_lock);
	unlock_page_cgroup(pc);

But (1) is spin_lock and we have to be afraid of dead-lock with zone->lru_lock.
So, trylock() is used at (1), now. Without (1), we can't trust "mz" is correct.

This is a trial to remove this dirty nesting of locks.
This patch changes mz->lru_lock to be zone->lru_lock.
Then, above sequence will be written as

        spin_lock(&zone->lru_lock); # in vmscan.c or swap.c via global LRU
	mem_cgroup_add/remove/etc_lru() {
		pc = lookup_page_cgroup(page);
		mz = page_cgroup_zoneinfo(pc);
		if (PageCgroupUsed(pc)) {
			....add to LRU
		}
        spin_lock(&zone->lru_lock); # in vmscan.c or swap.c via global LRU

This is much simpler.
(*) We're safe even if we don't take lock_page_cgroup(pc). Because..
    1. When pc->mem_cgroup can be modified.
       - at charge.
       - at account_move().
    2. at charge
       the PCG_USED bit is not set before pc->mem_cgroup is fixed.
    3. at account_move()
       the page is isolated and not on LRU.

Pros.
  - easy for maintenance.
  - memcg can make use of laziness of pagevec.
  - we don't have to duplicated LRU/Active/Unevictable bit in page_cgroup.
  - LRU status of memcg will be synchronized with global LRU's one.
  - # of locks are reduced.
  - account_move() is simplified very much.
Cons.
  - may increase cost of LRU rotation.
    (no impact if memcg is not configured.)
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

fs/splice.c

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <linux/file.h>
 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
 #include <linux/splice.h>
+#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
 #include <linux/swap.h>
 #include <linux/writeback.h>

include/linux/memcontrol.h

@@ -40,7 +40,12 @@ extern void mem_cgroup_cancel_charge_swapin(struct mem_cgroup *ptr);
 
 extern int mem_cgroup_cache_charge(struct page *page, struct mm_struct *mm,
 					gfp_t gfp_mask);
-extern void mem_cgroup_move_lists(struct page *page, enum lru_list lru);
+extern void mem_cgroup_add_lru_list(struct page *page, enum lru_list lru);
+extern void mem_cgroup_del_lru_list(struct page *page, enum lru_list lru);
+extern void mem_cgroup_rotate_lru_list(struct page *page, enum lru_list lru);
+extern void mem_cgroup_del_lru(struct page *page);
+extern void mem_cgroup_move_lists(struct page *page,
+				  enum lru_list from, enum lru_list to);
 extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_page(struct page *page);
 extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page(struct page *page);
 extern int mem_cgroup_shrink_usage(struct mm_struct *mm, gfp_t gfp_mask);
@@ -131,7 +136,27 @@ static inline int mem_cgroup_shrink_usage(struct mm_struct *mm, gfp_t gfp_mask)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static inline void mem_cgroup_move_lists(struct page *page, bool active)
+static inline void mem_cgroup_add_lru_list(struct page *page, int lru)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void mem_cgroup_del_lru_list(struct page *page, int lru)
+{
+	return ;
+}
+
+static inline void mem_cgroup_rotate_lru_list(struct page *page, int lru)
+{
+	return ;
+}
+
+static inline void mem_cgroup_del_lru(struct page *page)
+{
+	return ;
+}
+
+static inline void
+mem_cgroup_move_lists(struct page *page, enum lru_list from, enum lru_list to)
 {
 }
 

include/linux/mm_inline.h

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ add_page_to_lru_list(struct zone *zone, struct page *page, enum lru_list l)
 {
 	list_add(&page->lru, &zone->lru[l].list);
 	__inc_zone_state(zone, NR_LRU_BASE + l);
+	mem_cgroup_add_lru_list(page, l);
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ del_page_from_lru_list(struct zone *zone, struct page *page, enum lru_list l)
 {
 	list_del(&page->lru);
 	__dec_zone_state(zone, NR_LRU_BASE + l);
+	mem_cgroup_del_lru_list(page, l);
 }
 
 static inline void
@@ -54,6 +56,7 @@ del_page_from_lru(struct zone *zone, struct page *page)
 		l += page_is_file_cache(page);
 	}
 	__dec_zone_state(zone, NR_LRU_BASE + l);
+	mem_cgroup_del_lru_list(page, l);
 }
 
 /**

include/linux/page_cgroup.h

@@ -26,10 +26,6 @@ enum {
 	PCG_LOCK,  /* page cgroup is locked */
 	PCG_CACHE, /* charged as cache */
 	PCG_USED, /* this object is in use. */
-	/* flags for LRU placement */
-	PCG_ACTIVE, /* page is active in this cgroup */
-	PCG_FILE, /* page is file system backed */
-	PCG_UNEVICTABLE, /* page is unevictableable */
 };
 
 #define TESTPCGFLAG(uname, lname)			\
@@ -50,19 +46,6 @@ TESTPCGFLAG(Cache, CACHE)
 TESTPCGFLAG(Used, USED)
 CLEARPCGFLAG(Used, USED)
 
-/* LRU management flags (from global-lru definition) */
-TESTPCGFLAG(File, FILE)
-SETPCGFLAG(File, FILE)
-CLEARPCGFLAG(File, FILE)
-
-TESTPCGFLAG(Active, ACTIVE)
-SETPCGFLAG(Active, ACTIVE)
-CLEARPCGFLAG(Active, ACTIVE)
-
-TESTPCGFLAG(Unevictable, UNEVICTABLE)
-SETPCGFLAG(Unevictable, UNEVICTABLE)
-CLEARPCGFLAG(Unevictable, UNEVICTABLE)
-
 static inline int page_cgroup_nid(struct page_cgroup *pc)
 {
 	return page_to_nid(pc->page);

mm/page_cgroup.c

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ __init_page_cgroup(struct page_cgroup *pc, unsigned long pfn)
 	pc->flags = 0;
 	pc->mem_cgroup = NULL;
 	pc->page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pc->lru);
 }
 static unsigned long total_usage;
 

mm/swap.c

@@ -168,7 +168,6 @@ void activate_page(struct page *page)
 		lru += LRU_ACTIVE;
 		add_page_to_lru_list(zone, page, lru);
 		__count_vm_event(PGACTIVATE);
-		mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, lru);
 
 		zone->recent_rotated[!!file]++;
 		zone->recent_scanned[!!file]++;

mm/vmscan.c

@@ -512,7 +512,6 @@ redo:
 		lru = LRU_UNEVICTABLE;
 		add_page_to_unevictable_list(page);
 	}
-	mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, lru);
 
 	/*
 	 * page's status can change while we move it among lru. If an evictable
@@ -547,7 +546,6 @@ void putback_lru_page(struct page *page)
 
 	lru = !!TestClearPageActive(page) + page_is_file_cache(page);
 	lru_cache_add_lru(page, lru);
-	mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, lru);
 	put_page(page);
 }
 #endif /* CONFIG_UNEVICTABLE_LRU */
@@ -813,6 +811,7 @@ int __isolate_lru_page(struct page *page, int mode, int file)
 		return ret;
 
 	ret = -EBUSY;
+
 	if (likely(get_page_unless_zero(page))) {
 		/*
 		 * Be careful not to clear PageLRU until after we're
@@ -821,6 +820,7 @@ int __isolate_lru_page(struct page *page, int mode, int file)
 		 */
 		ClearPageLRU(page);
 		ret = 0;
+		mem_cgroup_del_lru(page);
 	}
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1134,7 +1134,6 @@ static unsigned long shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long max_scan,
 			SetPageLRU(page);
 			lru = page_lru(page);
 			add_page_to_lru_list(zone, page, lru);
-			mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, lru);
 			if (PageActive(page) && scan_global_lru(sc)) {
 				int file = !!page_is_file_cache(page);
 				zone->recent_rotated[file]++;
@@ -1263,7 +1262,7 @@ static void shrink_active_list(unsigned long nr_pages, struct zone *zone,
 		ClearPageActive(page);
 
 		list_move(&page->lru, &zone->lru[lru].list);
-		mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, lru);
+		mem_cgroup_add_lru_list(page, lru);
 		pgmoved++;
 		if (!pagevec_add(&pvec, page)) {
 			__mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_LRU_BASE + lru, pgmoved);
@@ -2408,6 +2407,7 @@ retry:
 
 		__dec_zone_state(zone, NR_UNEVICTABLE);
 		list_move(&page->lru, &zone->lru[l].list);
+		mem_cgroup_move_lists(page, LRU_UNEVICTABLE, l);
 		__inc_zone_state(zone, NR_INACTIVE_ANON + l);
 		__count_vm_event(UNEVICTABLE_PGRESCUED);
 	} else {
@@ -2416,6 +2416,7 @@ retry:
 		 */
 		SetPageUnevictable(page);
 		list_move(&page->lru, &zone->lru[LRU_UNEVICTABLE].list);
+		mem_cgroup_rotate_lru_list(page, LRU_UNEVICTABLE);
 		if (page_evictable(page, NULL))
 			goto retry;
 	}